Acid Orange 3
Acid Orange GSE-3R

Industry knowledge

How soluble is Acid Orange 3 in water?

Let's start with the basic properties of Acid Orange 3. This is an orange powdery substance with the chemical formula C21H21N4NaO5S, and its molecular weight is approximately 464.47. This compound exhibits significant solubility in water, and its solubility is affected by many factors such as temperature, pressure, and solution composition.

Under standard environmental conditions, that is, at room temperature (about 20°C), the solubility of Acid Orange 3 in water is approximately 2.86g/L. This means that for every liter of water, approximately 2.86 grams of Acid Orange 3 can be dissolved. However, the solubility of this substance increases significantly with increasing temperature. When the temperature rises to 90°C, its solubility in water can be as high as 50g/L, even shown as 100g/L in some data. This change shows that the solubility of Acid Orange 3 has a more sensitive response to temperature.

Temperature affects the solubility of Acid Orange 3, which is mainly due to the following factors:
Molecular speed: As temperature increases, liquid molecules (such as water molecules) move faster. This increase in motion speed increases the frequency of collisions between water molecules and Acid Orange 3 molecules. These collisions help to break the interaction forces between Acid Orange 3 molecules, allowing them to disperse more easily into water molecules, resulting in increased solubility.

Heat of solution effect: The dissolution process is usually accompanied by a change in heat. For some substances, such as Acid Orange 3, dissolution may be an endothermic process. When the temperature increases, the system can absorb more heat from the environment, which helps overcome the energy barrier in the dissolution process, allowing more Acid Orange 3 molecules to dissolve in the water.

Lattice energy: The lattice energy of a solid substance (such as Acid Orange 3) is the energy required to maintain its solid-state structure. As the temperature increases, the lattice energy may decrease, meaning the solid structure becomes more unstable. This may cause the solid to break down more easily into its molecules or ions, thereby increasing its solubility in water.

Ion product of water: The ionic product of water (Kw) is the product of the concentrations of hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions in water. As the temperature increases, the Kw value increases, which means that the concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions in the water increases. These ions can interact with the Acid Orange 3 molecules, increasing its solubility in water.

Besides temperature, pressure has little effect on the solubility of Acid Orange 3. Under normal pressure conditions, we do not need to consider the effect of pressure on its solubility. However, under extreme conditions (such as high or low pressure), pressure may have some effect on solubility. But in practical applications, this effect is usually negligible.

Let's take a look at the dissolution process of Acid Orange 3 in water. When we add Acid Orange 3 powder to water, its molecules gradually disperse into water molecules. This process is a dynamic equilibrium process, that is, an equilibrium state is reached between dissolved molecules and undissolved molecules. As dissolution proceeds, the color of the aqueous solution will gradually change to yellow or orange-brown, which is due to the dispersion of Acid Orange 3 molecules in water and absorption of visible light.

Acid Orange 3 also has some solubility in ethanol. This substance has an orange-brown color in ethanol, indicating that its dissolution behavior in ethanol is slightly different from that in water. Since this article focuses on the solubility of Acid Orange 3 in water, we will not delve into its solubility in ethanol.

The solubility of Acid Orange 3 in water is affected by many factors such as temperature. At room temperature, its solubility is approximately 2.86g/L; at 90°C, its solubility can be as high as 50g/L or higher. This change in solubility not only helps us understand the behavioral characteristics of Acid Orange 3 in water, but also provides us with an important reference for practical applications. By controlling conditions such as temperature, we can effectively adjust the solubility of Acid Orange 3 in water to meet different experimental and production needs.